What are the main differences between the standards of different countries?

There can be some major differences in electrical safety standards from country to country, depending on factors such as national regulations, electrical systems, voltage standards, and cultural practices. Below are some of the factors that may to differences in national standards from one country to another:

Voltage and frequency: Different countries/regions use different voltage and frequency standards. For example, the standard voltage in of Europe is 220-240 V, while in the U.S. and Japan, it is 110-120 V. Therefore, the socket design may need to be adjusted to these different voltage standards.
Local regulations: Each country has its own regulations and standards bodies that may differ in safety requirements and certification procedures. This may result in products sold in different countries needing to comply with local regulations.
Standards organizations: Different countries may rely on different standards organizations to develop electrical safety standards. For example, European standards are usually set by CENELEC and IEC, while UL standards in the US are set by Underwriters Laboratories.
Culture and usage habits: Users in different countries may have different habits and needs for electrical appliances. For example, some countries may pay more attention to moisture resistance, while others may pay more attention to fire protection.
Market demand: Market demand in different countries may also influence the development of standards. Some countries may focus more on energy efficiency standards, while others may focus more on fire safety.
Although there are some differences in electrical safety standards between countries, many countries are also working towards internationalization and mutual recognition of standards to make it easier to promote and sell products that comply with national standards in the global marketplace.